There are many free TFTP server sortware out there, just install one.

First of all, make sure you have IP reachablity to the TFTP Server. You can do that via Ping…

Then check whether TCP port 69 is open. Usually it is not the case, but when it comes to troubleshooting, it is the first thing to check after a succesful Ping test.

Jump onto the router you are going to do the IOS upgrade.

Make sure the IOS you are going to replace it with is compatible with your router & also you have the necessary Flash / RAM.

If your Flash is big enough to have more than two IOS images, then you can straight away go and download it from the TFTP Server.

If you are going to have two IOS images in flash, you need to specify the router which image to load on boot. It can be done via the following command…

boot system flash IMAGE_NAME_HERE

Example:
Router(config)#boot system flash c2691-adventerprisek9_ivs-mz.124-15.T9.bin
If the flash is not big enough to have both images, you need to delete the old image.

I usually use the command show flash: then delete the content via the command delete flash:

You can see an example here…

Router#show flash: all
-#- --length-- -----date/time------ path
1 32293924 Mar 1 1993 00:23:52 +00:00 c2691-adventerprisek9-mz.124-5a.bin
31739904 bytes available (32296960 bytes used)
Router#delete flash:
Delete filename []? c2691-adventerprisek9-mz.124-5a.bin
Delete flash:c2691-adventerprisek9-mz.124-5a.bin? [confirm]
Router#
Router#
Router#
Router#show flash:
No files on device
64036864 bytes available (0 bytes used)

Now copy the IOS image from the TFTP Server

Copy tftp: flash:

Example here…

Router#copy tftp: flash:
Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.100
Source filename []? c2691-adventerprisek9_ivs-mz.124-15.T9.bin
Destination filename [c2691-adventerprisek9_ivs-mz.124-15.T9.bin]?
Accessing tftp://192.168.1.100/c2691-adventerprisek9_ivs-mz.124-15.T9.bin...
Loading c2691-adventerprisek9_ivs-mz.124-15.T9.bin from 192.168.1.100 (via FastEthernet0/1): !!!!!!!!!!

Sometimes the router might ask you to erase Flash: but I usually do that…

Reload the router and it should be able to run the new IOS Image.

If you happen to have more than one IOS on Flash: You can hardcode which version of IOS to load with the global config command.

Router(config)#boot system flash c2691-adventerprisek9_ivs-mz.124-15.T9.bin

Popularity: 1% [?]

An interview with Russ White, CCIE No. 2635, a member of the Routing Protocol Design and Architecture Team at Cisco Systems. In this interview he presents valuable insights into CCDE Design Track Certification.

Popularity: 12% [?]

In this post I will only be covering how you are connected to the interent, and most users are connected to the internet via a router and connected via an Ethernet Cable (Cat5/Cat6). It is definitely the best way to connect to the internet because when you use a router, it doesn’t normally expose your PC to the internet. By using a router, a user is reducing the risk of being vulnerable on the internet.

When you are using a Router, your PC is not directly connected to the Internet but the router handles the connection. Most routers nowadays have some sort of protection system by default. It is typically used when there are multiple computers sharing one Internet connection.

Cable and some DSL providers only give their users an Ethernet Modem, in some case a USB modem. When you use such devices, you are directly connected to the Internet and your computer is exposed unless the PC is fully configured and there is a Firewall present to block all the unwanted activities. It is recommended to use a router with the modem to minimize the risk when you use the internet.

If you use an ADSL USB modem, I would recommend you to get an ADSL Modem Router and replace the USB Modem; and If you are using an Ethernet Modem, I would recommend you to get a Broadband Router and use it with the Ethernet Modem.

Popularity: 5% [?]

BT had finally called for action on internet speed and how they are advertised to the customers, and this brings me to the topic on how to choose your ISP (Internet Service Provider).

For an average person, it sounds pretty straight forward and all you have to do is, choose the one who are cheaper and offers you free equipments. This post is mainly going to be concentrating about DSL connection and not Cable, which I will be covering in the coming days…
When choosing an ISP, in my opinion the lesser the contract period the better, so if you are not happy about their services, you can always move on…

When an ISP offers free equipment, you are pretty much tired to a lengthy contract just like a Mobile phone contract, which could last up to 12 or even 18 months. Think about it, it makes sense… they need to get the equipment money from somewhere…!

Do not go with an ISP by looking at their Adverts, what you should do is to research about the ISP, there are some great websites out there who writes reviews and comparison about ISPs, one of them is called broadbandchoice.co.uk… You can always search around Google and find the ones in your Country!

You have to bear in mind, you won’t normally get the Advertised speed, and for example only 15% of the UK people get the advertised speed of eight megabit per second packages actually got the speed… So if your line can only handle only 4 Mbps, then there is no point paying extra money for an 8 Mbps line which you are not going to get the speed anyways..

The speed depends on a few variables but the main two are, you’re Line and how far away from the Exchange do you live… In a nutshell, you need to live within 1 Mile radius of your exchange to get even close 8 Mbps.
And finally, read the terms and condition and especially contract length, what happens If you decide to cancel the contract, What happens when you want to move house, how much is the cancellation fees etc…

If you are one of those people who are confused about the internet speed and how long it will take to download files over a connection… That’s about 90% of the people…

These days it is typically measured in Mbps (Mega bits per Second) and some case Kbps (Kilo bits per second). Note, we are talking about Bits and NOT Byte those are totally different things and if you are curious, 1 Byte = 8 Bits

What people get confused is the fact that when an Internet speed is advertised, for example 1 Mbps (1 Mega bit per second) they would automatically think it takes 1 Seconds to send a 1MB file through the internet connection. Please don’t think it will only take you around 4 Seconds to send a typical .mp3 (around 4MB); in fact it will take a longer…

This will show how long it will take to send 1 MB file through a 1 Mbps internet connection…

1 MB = 1 x 1024 KB = 1024 x 1024 bytes
1 KB = 1,048,576 bytes ( x Eight)
= 8,388,608 Bits

So we have a file size of 8,388,608 Bits, and you have a connection speed of 1 Mbps; let’s just assume that your line is fully capable of transferring at the speed of 1 Mbps…

1 Mbps = 1000 Kbps = 1,000,000 Bps

So you have a line which is capable of Carrying 1,000,000 Bits per second and you have a file the size of 8,388,608 Bits… So how long will it take to send it…?

8,388,608 / 1,000,000 = 8.388608 Seconds which is roughly 8 Seconds…

So whenever you see an advert saying 8 Mbps, don’t think it will take you less than a second to send a typical .mp3 file to your friend!

I hope you find post informative for you and thank you for reading!

Popularity: 4% [?]